editnomad.blogg.se - Cat low hematocrit and hemoglobin causes

Note, that splenic relaxation (anesthetic agents, tranquilizers) can result in an apparent anemia due to sequestration of RBC in the spleen (up to 30% of RBC may be sequestered in the spleen). Packed cell volume (PCV), which is readily measured in clinical practice, can be used as a surrogate for hematocrit (a calculated value from the mean cell volume and red blood cell count) and hemoglobin concentration, which are provided by automated analyzers.

Anemia summary: Summary of the mechanisms and causes (not exhaustive) of anemia.Īnemia is defined as a decreased hematocrit (HCT) or hemoglobin.

Overview of anemia (see below) with examples of how indices and severity can help us identify the mechanism and cause of anemia.

Stimulation of erythropoiesis by thryoid hormones appears to be mediated through erythropoietin.In this section, the following will be covered: It is postulated that thyroid hormones stimulate erythropoiesis, sometimes leading to erythrocytosis provided there is no deficiency of hemopoietic nutrients. Erythrokinetic studies also provided evidences of increased erythropoietic activity in the bone marrow. The mean 3H-thymidine labeling index of the erythroblasts was also significantly higher than normal in hyperthyroidism in 8 patients the index was within the normal range whereas in the remaining 13 it was above the normal range. The bone marrow showed erythyroid hyperplasia in all patients with hyperthyroidism. The mean plasma erythropoietin level of these patients was significantly elevated in 4 patients the levels were in the upper normal range whereas in the rest, the values were above the normal range.

Failure of erythrocytosis to occur in other patients of this group was associated with impaired erythropoiesis due to a deficiency of hemopoietic nutrients such as iron, vitamin B12 and folate.

Similar investigations revealed mild erythrocytosis in a significant proportion of patients with hyperthyroidism. These changes in erythropoiesis in the hypothyroid state appear to be a part of physiological adjustment to the reduced oxygen requirement of the tissues due to diminished basal metabolic rate. Plasma erythropoietin levels were reduced, often being immeasurable by the polycythemic mouse bioassay technique.

Erythroid cells in the marrow were depleted and also showed reduced proliferative activity as indicated by lower 3H-thymidine labeling index.

The erythrokinetic data in hypothyroid patients provided evidence of significant decline of the erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow. The presence of anemia in many of these patients was not evident from hemoglobin and hematocrit values due to concomitant reduction of plasma volume. A majority of patients with the hypothyroid state had significant reduction in red blood cell mas per kg of body weight. Qualitative and quantitative studies of erythropoiesis in 23 patients with hypothyroidism and 21 patients with hyperthryoidism included routine hematologic evaluation, bone marrow morphology, status of serum iron, B12 and folate red blood cell mass and plasma volume by radioisotope methods, erythrokinetics and radiobioassay of plasma erythropoietin.